Browse 25 pretextual stops cases decided by Fourth Circuit. AI-powered summaries, holdings, and legal analysis.
Fourth Circuit: Lane Drifting Justifies Traffic Stop, Extends Scope
United States v. Tremayne Hawkins, decided by Fourth Circuit on December 11, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Tremayne Hawkins' mot...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Probable Cause
United States v. Christopher Arthur, decided by Fourth Circuit on December 3, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of the defendant's moti...
Fourth Circuit: Nervousness and air freshener justify extended traffic stop
United States v. Carlos Robinson, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 20, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Carlos Robinson's moti...
Fourth Circuit: Probable Cause for Car Search Based on Marijuana Odor and Behavior
United States v. Eric Nji, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 18, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Eric Nji's motion to suppress...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Stop and Search Based on Traffic Violations
United States v. Joseph Lamborn, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 18, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Joseph Lamborn's motion...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Warrantless Vehicle Search Based on Traffic Violations
United States v. Peter Le, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 18, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Peter Le's motion to suppress...
Fourth Circuit: Marijuana Odor and Butt Provide Probable Cause for Car Search
United States v. Tony Le, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 18, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Tony Le's motion to suppress e...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Probable Cause
United States v. Wilson Tita, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 18, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of a motion to suppress evide...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Traffic Stop and Plain View
United States v. Davonte Coe, decided by Fourth Circuit on November 12, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Davonte Coe's motion to su...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Warrantless Vehicle Search Based on Informant Tip
United States v. Kevin Jones, decided by Fourth Circuit on October 24, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Kevin Jones's motion to sup...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Reasonable Suspicion and Probable Cause
United States v. Marian Hudak, decided by Fourth Circuit on October 7, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Marian Hudak's motion to su...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search After Traffic Stop
United States v. Brandon Jackson, decided by Fourth Circuit on September 12, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Brandon Jackson's mot...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Stop and Search Based on Traffic Violations
United States v. Elmer Martinez, decided by Fourth Circuit on August 14, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Elmer Martinez's motion t...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Warrantless Vehicle Search Under Automobile Exception
United States v. Henry Martinez, decided by Fourth Circuit on August 14, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of the defendant's motion to...
Fourth Circuit: Swerving and crossing fog line creates reasonable suspicion for traffic stop
United States v. David Milam, decided by Fourth Circuit on August 13, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of David Milam's motion to supp...
Fourth Circuit: Erratic driving justifies traffic stop, firearm admissible
United States v. Rashun Suncar, decided by Fourth Circuit on July 2, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Rashun Suncar's motion to sup...
Fourth Circuit: Furtive movements and marijuana smell justify vehicle search
Demmerick Brown v. Karen Stapleton, decided by Fourth Circuit on July 1, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of a motion to suppress evid...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Traffic Violations and Probable Cause
United States v. Samuel Joseph, decided by Fourth Circuit on May 28, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Samuel Joseph's motion to sup...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Informant Tip
United States v. Luis Avila, decided by Fourth Circuit on April 14, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Luis Avila's motion to suppres...
Fourth Circuit: Border Patrol Reasonable Suspicion to Extend Traffic Stop
United States v. Jose Joya Parada, decided by Fourth Circuit on April 9, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Jose Joya Parada's motion...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Border Search of Vehicle Based on Reasonable Suspicion
United States v. Juan Sandoval Rodriguez, decided by Fourth Circuit on April 9, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Juan Sandoval Rodr...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search After Traffic Stop
United States v. Oscar Sorto Romero, decided by Fourth Circuit on April 9, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Oscar Sorto Romero's mo...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search Based on Reasonable Suspicion and Automobile Exception
United States v. Winston Oliver, II, decided by Fourth Circuit on April 8, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Winston Oliver II's mot...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Warrantless Vehicle Search Based on Probable Cause
Penny Barnett v. United States, decided by Fourth Circuit on March 19, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Penny Barnett's motion to s...
Fourth Circuit Upholds Vehicle Search After Traffic Stop
United States v. Sammy Ellis, Jr., decided by Fourth Circuit on March 11, 2025, resulted in a defendant win outcome. The Fourth Circuit affirmed the district court's denial of Sammy Ellis Jr.'s motion...
CaseLawBrief currently tracks 25 pretextual stops cases from Fourth Circuit. This number is updated as new opinions are published.
Outcome breakdown: Defendant Win: 25.
Each case page on CaseLawBrief includes an AI-generated plain English summary, key holdings, and legal analysis. Click any case above to read its full analysis.